@echo off &setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
for /f "delims=" %%F in ('dir /b/a-d *_*p*.jpg') do (
   set "dd=%%~nF" &set "d=!dd!" &set "n=" &(call :cutEd)
   for %%k in (!k!) do (set "d=!dd:~,%%k!")
   if not exist "!d!\" md "!d!"
   move /y "%%F" "!d!\")
pause&exit/b
:cutEd
   if "!d!"=="" (exit/b) else set "c=!d:~-1!"
   if "!c!"=="_" (exit/b) else if /i "!c!"=="p" set "k=!n!"
   set "d=!d:~,-1!" &set/a "n-=1" &goto :cutEd
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@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
for /f "tokens=1-3* delims=_" %%a in ('dir /b /a-d *.jpg') do (
    set "n=%%d"
    set /a n=n
    md "%%a_%%b_%%c_!n!P" 2>nul
    move "%%a_%%b_%%c_%%d" "%%a_%%b_%%c_!n!P\"
)
pause
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@echo off
for /f "delims=" %%i in ('dir /b /a-d *.jpg') do (
    set str="%%i"
    setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
    set "str=!str:_=" "!"
    for %%j in (!str!) do (
        if defined str1 (
            if defined str2 (
                set "str2=!str2!_!str1!"
            ) else (
                set "str2=!str1!"
            )
        )
        set "str1=%%~j"
    )
    set /a "str1=str1"
    md "!str2!_!str1!P" 2>nul
    move "%%i" "!str2!_!str1!P"
    endlocal
)
pause
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@echo off
cd /d "%~dp0"
for /l %%l in (0,1,9) do (
	for /f "delims=" %%i in ('2^>nul dir /b /a-d "*%%lp*.jpg"') do (
		set "n=#%%~ni"
		setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
		for /f "delims=|" %%d in ("!n:%%lp=|!") do (
			endlocal
			set folder=%%d
			setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
			for /l %%l in (0 1 9) do (
				if "!folder:%%lp=!" neq "!folder!" (
					set f=1
				)
			)
			if not defined f (
				md "!folder:~1!%%lP" 2>nul
				move "!n:~1!%%~xi" "!folder:~1!%%lP\"
			)
			endlocal
		)
	)
)
pause
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@echo off
cd /d "%~dp0"
for /l %%l in (0,1,9) do (
	set #"%%l"=1
)
for /f "delims=" %%i in ('dir /b /a-d *.jpg') do (
	set n=%%~ni
	setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
	if defined n (
		set _n=!n!
		for %%l in (128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1) do (
			if "!_n:~%%l!" neq "" (
				set /a len+=%%l
				set _n=!_n:~%%l!
			)
		)
		for /l %%l in (0,1,!len!) do (
			set m=!n:~%%l,1!
			if "!m!" neq "" (
				if not defined folder (
					if defined #"!m!" (
						set str=!str!!m!
					) else if /i "!m!" equ "p" (
						if defined str (
							if "!str:~0,1!" neq "0" (
								set folder=!n:~0,%%l!!m!
							) else (
								set str=
							)
						)
					) else (
						set str=
					)
				)
			)
		)
	)
	if defined folder (
		md "!folder!"
		move "!n!%%~xi" "!folder!\"
		echo move "!n!%%~xi" "!folder!\"
	)
	endlocal
)
pause
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@echo off &setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
for %%F in (
   "D_E_F_24ppp0001.jpg"
   "D_E_F_52pap0002.jpg"
   "D_E_F_63p6p0003.jpg"
   "A_B_C_D_E_F_G_H_I_J_K_99pp0001pp.jpg"
) do (
   set "dd=%%~F" &set "d=!dd!" &set "n=" &(call :cutEd)
   for %%k in (!k!) do (set "d=!dd:~,%%k!")
   echo,!d!)
pause&exit/b
:cutEd
   if "!d!"=="" (exit/b) else set "c=!d:~-1!"
   if "!c!"=="_" (exit/b) else if /i "!c!"=="p" set "k=!n!"
   set "d=!d:~,-1!" &set/a "n-=1" &goto :cutEd
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复查了一遍本帖，一是 ‘猜错’ 了3楼所求，二是好奇11楼是如何从3楼回复以及从 ‘01p12p34p.jpg’ 推断应取 ‘01p12p’ 呢？